Assess the View That Crime Is Functional - 1683 Words

s Assess the view that crime is functional, inevitable and normal. (33 marks) Within the sociological perspectives of crime and deviance, there is one particular approach which argues that crime is functional, inevitable and normal. This sociological perspective, Functionalism, consists of Emile Durkheim’s work on crime and deviance. His main argument was that ‘crime is normal’ and that it is ‘an integral part of all healthy societies’. This perspective views crime and deviance as an inevitable feature of all societies which is universal. However, Durkheim did argue that too much crime can lead to the destabilisation of society. Durkheim identified three positive aspects of crime which make it a functional component of society. He done†¦show more content†¦Merton stated that each and every society sets goals and also establishes socially-approved means of obtaining these goals. When individuals are not able to meet these standards through the means which have been inaugural rated, they turn to other options which can involve crime and deviance. This shows that, according to Merton, crime can fulfil a dysfunctional role within society. The options which he identified were conformity, innovation, rebellion, ritualism and re-treatism. These responses to the socially approved goals and means can sometimes lead to criminal activity and subsequently, a dysfunctional society. Firstly, conformity is when an individual adheres to both the goals and the means despite the limited chances of success. This can result in a functional society as all of the socially approved concepts are accepted and adopted within the persons life, thus, excluding crime. Secondly, innovation refers to when goals are accepted but individuals find different ways to achieve them. These methods are often criminal. For instance, if an individual wants the socially approved goal of owning those aspects which make him/her of a higher reputation, they can turn to organised theft and in some cases, white collar crime. Ritualism refers to when an individual uses the means but loses sight of the goals whereas retreatism refers to when the individuals rejects both the goals and the means. Individuals who are dependentShow MoreRelatedUsing Material from Item a and Elsewhere, Assess Sociological Views of Crime Reduction Strategies.841 Words   |  4 Pagesitem A and elsewhere, assess sociolog ical views of crime reduction strategies. (21 marks). There are numerous different types of strategies for crime reduction. These include crime prevention tactics which are suitable for whole societies, and also forms of punishment which are suitable for individuals. Crime prevention strategies include situational crime prevention, environmental crime prevention, and social and community crime prevention. Ron Clark describes situational crime prevention as ‘a pre-emptiveRead MoreSociology A2 Revision 2012 34479 Words   |  18 PagesWednesday 13th June, am Unit 4 exam: Tuesday 19th June, pm Easter Revision: tbc A2 Syllabus: AQA Sociology GCE (new specification) Unit 3: Mass Media (SCLY3) Worth 20% of your final A Level Written paper, 1 hour 30 minutes 60 marks available Unit 4: Crime and Deviance with Theory and Methods (SCLY4) Worth 30% of your final A Level Written paper, 2 hours 90 marks available Timetable Use your revision checklists to draw up a timetable for revision leading up to the exam. Make sure you cover everythingRead MoreRehabilitation Is Essential For Human Life1669 Words   |  7 Pagesdepending on the reason why an individual is being rehabilitated. Rehabilitation can occur subsequent to a variety of events including injuries, disease, drug abuse and crime related cases. This paper concentrates on rehabilitation in corrections. Most of the people who are in correctional facilities might have been perpetrators of crime. Placement in a correctional institution means subjection to a completely new environment. This new environment furthers the need for rehabilitation as it has the potentialRead MoreFunctionalism and Crime and Deviance Essay913 Words   |  4 Pagesand elsewhere, assess the usefulness of functionalist approaches in explaining crime (21 Marks) Item A Functionalist sociologists focus on how far individuals accept the norms and values of society. Central to their study of crime is the attempt to understand why people break the rules of society. Despite their focus on the importance of shared norms and values, functionalists see a small amount of crime as necessary and beneficial to society. The publicity given to crime highlights theRead MoreChild Shift1748 Words   |  7 Pagespersonal and public interest which has become the drive upon which the research will be carried out. As a tertiary level student that lives and has been cultured within the assessed environment (Jamaican society), my interest has been stimulated to assess the factors surrounding the nature of this negative lifestyle pattern. This article has highlighted my sensitivity to this situation due to personal reflections (to some extent); analytical efforts will be made to completely understand this criticalRead MoreRehabilitation and Recidivism1436 Words   |  6 Pagesrate of recidivism in criminal offenders. There has been great controversy over whether anything works to reduce recidivism and great hope that rehabilitation would offer a reduction in those rates. In this paper I will introduce information and views on the reality of whether rehabilitation does indeed reduce recidivism. Proposed is a quasi-experiment, using a group of offenders that received rehabilitation services and an ex post facto group that did not? I intend to prove that rehabilitationRead MoreAssess the functi onalist theory of crime and deviance1813 Words   |  8 PagesAssess the functionalist view of crime and deviance. [21 marks] This essay will detail the functionalist perspective of crime and deviance. Functionalist theories began to emerge after the industrial revolution in the 18th century. This period was called the enlightenment, and brought about scientific belief as opposed to the feudalist beliefs of religion. Religion no longer had such a powerful impact on peoples’ lives. The aim of sociological theories such as functionalism is to cure social illsRead MoreSpy Camer Spy Surveillance1295 Words   |  6 PagesTechnology, through the times, has offered many options in protecting the society from crimes and other evil-doings. However, with industrialization, the proliferation of computers and complex political and social systems, our society needs a heightened level of security. Police and military personnel continue guarding us against criminals and terrorists. However, there is the need for individuals to consult other security services and private eyes to conduct their own investigations an d protectRead MoreDefinitions Of The Self Essay : Aggressive Criminal Behavior2237 Words   |  9 PagesApproaches to the self essay: Aggressive Criminal Behaviour This essay will compare and contrast two opposing approaches to self; the biological view of ‘the embodied self’ with the social constructionist theory. In doing this it will discuss how each approach relates to various aspects of the predisposition between nature and nurture as a binary. It also aims to outline and evaluate how each approach attributes etiologies to aggressive criminal behavior using examples from theorists such as DiLallaRead MoreFamily Roles and Relationships: Examining the Contribution of Feminist Sociologists1732 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Using material from Item 2B and elsewhere assess the contribution of feminist sociologists to an understanding of family roles and relationships. In this essay I will be assessing the contribution of feminist sociologists to an understanding of family roles and relationships. There are different roles in families such as: Conjugal; where both the partners share task such as housework and childcare, the opposite of this would be segregated roles; where the couples have separate roles, the male

Columbus Day Should No Longer Be A National Holiday

John Oliver is correct when he asserts that Columbus Day should no longer be a national holiday. Columbus Day is the day we celebrate when Christopher Columbus landed in the New World. I believe we should not celebrate Columbus Day because I m sure we are celebrating a murder and the person supported in owning or controlling of a person. During that time of landing in the New World, he went on a killing spree of humans and of in slaving the Native Americans. Columbus Day shouldn t be a holiday anymore because all the Indians he enslaved and killed during his voyage. Columbus had made a promise to bring back slaves, gold, copper, and girls to be used for sex. According to A Patriot s History ... about 56 million people were killed†¦show more content†¦We helped influence the Natives to move to a hunting based lifestyle instead of nomadic. In addition to this the cultures from different continents have been changed because of Columbus. We can t forget though that he brought theses diseases throughout the continents he traveled to. Christopher Columbus Biography explains The exchange also brought new diseases to both hemispheres, though the effects were greatest in the Americans. Smallpox from the Old World decimated millions of the Native American population The diseases were new to both the Europeans and the Americans because it was the first time they had experienced this type of diseases. It was very new to both of them at the time, so they didn t know how to handle it or let alone cure it so they suffered. The Americans suffered the most from these diseases. In effect of the Americans suffering from these diseases, the Europeans ended up out numbering them in a very big margin. In addition, the exchange benefited the Europeans more the Americans and the rest of the world a part of the exchange. American was changed and pretty much gone plus the Native Americans disappeared too. All this happened because he made promises he couldn t keep like bringing home a certain amount gold so instead, he brought to trade with slaves who carried the disease to the Americans and Europeans. Not only did he give it to the Americans and the Europeans he gave it to the Spanish and the Aztec s. Science Mag saysShow MoreRelatedThe Overdue Abolishment Of Columbus Day1559 Words   |  7 Pagesna Manley November 8th, 2015 Writing 121 The overdue abolishment of Columbus Day Christopher Columbus may have first left his mark on the Americas in the 15th century, but the United States didn’t establish a federal holiday in his honor until 1937 (Dan Fitcher). Commissioned by Spanish king Ferdinand and Queen Isabella to explore Asia, Columbus instead sailed to the new world in 1492 (Dan Fitcher). He first come ashore in the Bahamas later making his way to Cuba and the island of Hispaniola (nowRead MoreEssay On Christopher Columbus1530 Words   |  7 PagesWe were taught in school the saying, In 1492 Columbus sailed the ocean blue, to help us remember when Christopher Columbus discovered America. We learned the Spanish monarchy funded him and he set sail on the Nina, the Pinta, and the Santa Maria in hopes of finding a route to the riches that were in the west indies. He landed on an island, and this was how what we know as America was discovered and referenced as the New World. We even have a day set aside here in the United States to celebrateRead M oreItalian Immigrants Holiday Traditions1262 Words   |  5 Pagesso accustomed to holiday traditions today that the meaning of how they arrived here has been lost. Immigrants of Italy brought to America their family-centered culture of celebrating these holidays. Their culture was so influencing that villages for the Italians were actually formed. The Italians celebrated numerous holidays in Italy; most celebrations included their fine foods and wine. Although, after the immigrants arrived in America they no longer observed many of the holidays that they did inRead MoreA University Of A Campus Statue Essay1534 Words   |  7 PagesEvery day millions of people in the world are making an impact and difference that should be recognized and honored. To continue, this is the reason why there are so many statues in the world, including in art museums, in libraries, and even on the campuses of colleges, to show forth the honor and respect people have towards them for making a difference in their lives. For instance, a campus statue represents a symbolism to an individual who has made an impact on the grounds of a college campus thatRead MoreThe Significance of the Character Shadrack in the Novel Sula by Toni Morrison1556 Words   |  7 Pagesthat he represents one of the recurring themes of the novel, which is the need for order. Since the need to order and focus experience is an important theme, the character Shadrack illustrates the terror of chaos through his self-proclaimed day â€Å"National Suicide Day† in his small town, which portrays the importance of fear, chaos, and death in the book Sula by Toni Morrison. Shadrack, one of the main characters introduced in the prologue, is a veteran of World War I. He is so traumatized by what heRead More The Lies My Teacher Told Me and People’s History of the United States1462 Words   |  6 Pages There is a logical saying in society one should take to heart; that line being, â€Å"Don’t believe everything you read.† Just because a text is written and published does not means it is always accurate. Historical facts, similar to words whispered in the child’s game, â€Å"telephone,† are easily transformed into different facts, either adding or subtracting certain details from the story. James Loewen, in The Lies My Teacher Told Me, reveals how much history has been changed by textbook writes so thatRead Moreargentina textile industry Essay3442 Words   |  14 Pagesï » ¿ Argentine textile industry: An export snapshot   Ã‚   Top Stories  » Exports to Iran will rise on lifting of sanctions  » Govt clears Rs. 1,100-cr agri export scheme  » Coir sector should be given more support: Pranab  » Iran briefs India over landmark nuclear deal  » Andhra coast faces another cyclone threat Writuparna Kakati | 01 Aug, 2008 What is Argentina? Batter that has not become a cake, says Gabriela Nouzeilles and Graciela R. Montaldo in their co-authored bookRead MoreReed Supermarket Case Study6651 Words   |  27 PagesReed’s Westgate Plaza branch in Columbus, Ohio. Collins didn’t shop; instead she took mental notes about store traffic, first at the Reed store and then at an indirect but increasingly worrisome kind of competitor—a dollar store. The Reed was predictably well lit and inviting, and Collins could see three registers open and two or three customers in line at each. â€Å"Not too bad† she thought, â€Å"but not what I would hope for at this time of day, this close to the holidays.† She’d felt the same way at twoRead MoreImmigrants Should Be Forced to Learn and Speak English Essay2382 Words   |  10 Pages The debate regarding whether or not immigrants should be forced to learn and speak English started as far back as 1754 (King, 1997, para.4) and continue s to be debated currently. This issue is viewed differently by legal immigrants, illegal immigrants and American citizens. R. D. King (1997) wrote that the issue of immigrants learning to speak English dates back to 1753 with regards to German immigrants. In his article, Should English Be the Law, King (1997) states, â€Å"In 1753 Benjamin FranklinRead More The KKK versus the Anti-Klan Movement Essay3078 Words   |  13 Pagesclaim that people should not get jobs because of the color of their skin. If they do not have the white politically correct color of skin, they should not be employed into the American work force. Along with this, members of the KKK wish to rid America of affirmative action policies and special programs to those who are not of the white race. Members of the KKK also claim that they do not intend to overthrow the government. What they do explain is that they wish that the national government and people

TESCO Gap Tool Analysis for Employee Performance Free Solution

Question: Discuss about theGap Analysis of TESCO. Answer: Introduction Gap analysis is tool use to compare the actual performance in an organization with the desired performance. It focuses on best use of resources without wasting the available resources. This help in setting a benchmark for achieving high performance rate. It identifies the gap in between the actual and the standard performance with the current available resources. Moreover gap analysis helps in choosing the ways to achieve the prospective growth. Once the management is aware about the prospective reason for failure it can eliminate them through available techniques (Franklin, 2006). A HR gap analysis helps in developing the human resource strategy for an organization. It helps in making strong staffing decision and allots the budget accordingly. Gap analysis helps the human recourse personnel to identify the loopholes in process while conducting a hiring process. It forecasts the gap in between the current available and desired workforce to achieve the desired goals Tesco is the largest multinational British merchandise and grocery store serving since 1919. It is a world renowned store which has its operations in more than 12 countries and is known for providing effective human resource services.Currently; it has an employee strength of 476,000 which is causing an effective overall growth (Our businesses.2016). TESCO is facing the major pressure from their international stores which are under performing due to unclear human resource practices. The cultural difference has created a gap in human resource recruitment which is causing a fall in their revenue. It needs to revamp the human resource strategies as per the environment condition. It has its stores in more than 12 nations which need proper attention to increase the revenue. The overall revenue has decreased which can only be improved by developing human resource structure as per the culture. For example: There is a huge cultural difference in between the Asian and European Countries which need to kept in mind by developing a GAP analysis in between the HRM policies. A thorough market research is necessary to understand the local environment for improving the overall issue (Anderson, 2014). Tesco strategies are based on simplification of the work and focusing on the employee performance. To achieve this motive they have developed a stringent human resource training structure which focuses on improving their employees productivity. Training and development is an important aspect of the HRM which cant be ignored to reduce the cost. But in the case of TESCO their training program is putting the burden on the cost.The company needs to focus on developing a low cost effective training plan which does not put the burden on the companys revenue.(Armstrong, 2011). High level of competition from the entrance of new brands has caused a threat to the profits of the company. Ultra cheap brands are creating a difficult situation for TESCO. The small stores and the online shopping trend have changed the overall business trend which has affected the profits of the company.. The company needs to focus on developing online supply chain of goods to reduce the competition from the other brands (Schuler, Jackson and Tarique, 2011). Most of the employees at TESCO are working at part time which is putting a burden on the HRM. It increases the overall training cost of each employee. The manager needs to focus on retaining whole time employees to increase the productivity. The company needs to recruit specialist human resource staff to provide training and development at different level. It is essential for an organization to provide time-to-time training to all its employees to enhance the productivity. Large workforce creates difficulty for the management to pursue the training development programs. Management needs to create comprehensive online training module for the existing employees which will improve the overall yield. Customers feedback is an essential criterion on deciding the companys strength and weaknesses (Butler, 2015). TESCO needs to create a sense of responsibility in the mind of its employees. Providing monetary and non-monetary benefits is essential motivational theory. It should introduce certain recognition scheme which directs the employee efforts towards the growth of the organization. Employee recognition is gaining importance in todays world. TESCO should focus on creating plans which helps the employee in overall growth. They should introduce employee recognition schemes to enhance the overall productivity. This builds healthy relationship with the employer. The organization should delegate clear authority and responsibility to its employees. TESCO is recommended to instill in its staff power related to decision making under different circumstance. Decision making is an important task while making judgment. There is a clear gap in decision making skills of the employee. The GAP analysis report focuses on the key issues which need attention under the ongoing circumstances. The market is subject to fluctuation where more focus needed to be given on the human resource strategies .There is a lot of scope to improve while understanding the GAP in between the current and the future situations. References Anderson,E.2014. 6 Challenges New Tesco Chief Dave Lewis Will Have To Tackle. (Online). Retrieved from: https://www.managementtoday.co.uk/6-challenges-new-tesco-chief-dave-lewis-will-tackle/article/1304346 (Accessed on 23 September 2016) Armstrong,M.2011. Strategic Human Resource Management. Kogan Page Publishers Butler, S.2015. Tesco - six challenges in store for Matt Davies (Online). Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2015/may/11/tesco-six-challenges-in-store-for-matt-davies (Accessed on 23 September 2016) Franklin, M.2006. Performance Gap Analysis: Tips, Tools, and Intelligence for Trainers. American Society for Training and Development Our businesses.2016. (Online). Retrieved from: https://www.tescoplc.com/about-us/our-businesses/ (Accessed on 23 September 2016) Schuler,R., Jackson,S. and Tarique,I.2011. Global talent management and global talent challenges: Strategic opportunities for IHRM. Journal of World Business, 2011, vol. 46, issue 4, pages 506-516

Walt Whitman was born on May 31, 1819 in New Yo Essays - Come Again

Walt Whitman was born on May 31, 1819 in New York. During the Civil War Walt Whitman worked as a volunteer nurse. He believed that slavery was wrong, that women should be able to own property, that there should be labor laws, and many other basic human rights that were considered controversial and radical back in the day. Whitman was a humanist, which is a philosophy that affirms that humans have the right and responsibility to give meaning and shape to their own lives. Walt Whitman married a Dutch woman named Louisa Van Velsor. He died March 26, 1892 in New Jersey. Beautiful Women - WOMEN sit, or move to and frosome old, some young; The young are beautifulbut the old are more beautiful than the young. A Clear Midnight - THIS is thy hour O Soul, thy free flight into the wordless, Away from books, away from art, the day erased, the lesson done, Thee fully forth emerging, silent, gazing, pondering the themes thou lovest best. Night, sleep, and the stars. A Glimpse - A GLIMPSE, through an interstice caught, Of a crowd of workmen and drivers in a bar-room, around the stove, late of a winter nightAnd I unremark'd seated in a corner; Of a youth who loves me, and whom I love, silently approaching, and seating himself near, that he may hold me by the hand; A long while, amid the noises of coming and goingof drinking and oath and smutty jest, There we two, content, happy in being together, speaking little, perhaps not a word. Thought - OF EqualityAs if it harm'd me, giving others the same chances and rights as myselfAs if it were not indispensable to my own rights that others possess the same. Bathed In War's Perfume - BATHED in war's perfumedelicate flag! (Should the days needing armies, needing fleets, come again,) O to hear you call the sailors and the soldiers! flag like a beautiful woman! O to hear the tramp, tramp, of a million answering men! O the ships they arm with joy! O to see you leap and beckon from the tall masts of ships! O to see you peering down on the sailors on the decks! Flag like the eyes of women. I Dream'd in a Dream - I DREAM'D in a dream, I saw a city invincible to the attacks of the whole of the rest of the earth; I dream'd that was the new City of Friends; Nothing was greater there than the quality of robust loveit led the rest; It was seen every hour in the actions of the men of that city, And in all their looks and words. On the Beach at Night - On the beach at night, Stands a child with her father, Watching the east, the autumn sky. Up through the darkness, While ravening clouds, the burial clouds, in black masses spreading, Lower sullen and fast athwart and down the sky, Amid a transparent clear belt of ether yet left in the east, Ascends large and calm the lord-star Jupiter, And nigh at hand, only a very little above, Swim the delicate sisters the Pleiades. From the beach the child holding the hand of her father, Those burial-clouds that lower victorious soon to devour all, Watching, silently weeps. Weep not, child, Weep not, my darling, With these kisses let me remove your tears, The ravening clouds shall not long be victorious, They shall not long possess the sky, they devour the stars only in apparition, Jupiter shall emerge, be patient, watch again another night, the Pleiades shall emerge, They are immortal, all those stars both silvery and golden shall shine out again, The great stars and the little ones shall shine out again, they endure, The vast immortal suns and the long-enduring pensive moons shall again shine. Then dearest child mournest thou only for jupiter? Considerest thou alone the burial of the stars? Something there is, (With my lips soothing thee, adding I whisper, I give thee the first suggestion, the problem and indirection), Something there is more immortal even than the stars, (Many the burials, many the days and nights, passing away), Something that shall endure longer even than lustrous Jupiter Longer than sun or any revolving satellite, Or the radiant sisters the Pleiades. Whoever You Are Holding Me Now in Hand - Whoever you are holding me now in hand, Without one thing all will be useless, I give you fair warning before you attempt me